903–906: The Raffelstetten Customs Regulation and the Export of Slavic Slaves to the Islamic Sphere

Abstract

Situated in the context of early medieval Danube trade, the Raffelstetten customs regulation sheds light on the trading activities of various groups, each of whom had to pay different customs duties. Apart from salt and wax, slaves constituted the most important commodity. The article discusses the role Raffelstetten played in the trade of humans between the early medieval Slavic sphere (which was only partially Christianised) and the Mediterranean.