IMAGE-BASED MODELING AND SIMULATION OF THE SHOULDER DURING BASEBALL PITCHING

Abstract

The imaged-based modeling and simulation such as the virtual, interactive, musculoskeletal system (VIMS) software provides accurate muscle orientations and their relative moment arms. An imaged-based biomechanical model of upper extremity can be used for understanding of neuromuscular control and simulation of sports activities and surgery reconstruction after injuries. The relative movement of the skeletal segments cause a change of muscle orientation and its moment arm, and then affect the role of the muscle loading during the motion. This paper reviews studies in applying three-dimensional shoulder model for investigation of the multi-joint muscle function. An image based and graphic-enhanced, quantitative model of the musculoskeletal system would be utilized for dynamic shoulder analysis with accurate muscle line of action incorporating bone movement and muscle wrapping around the joint.