THE INFLUENCE OF INCREASING FATIGUE ON TWO VARIANTS OF THE JUMP-SHOT IN TEAM HANDBALL

Abstract

INTRODUCTION The quality of the jump-shot in team handball is influenced by a number of different factors, such as the level of movement abilities of the individual, the real situation during the match, physical conditions, etc. Some specific methods are used in training*to improve the quality of the shooting. One of them is the "passive defense" which is simulated by a net over which the playeris shot is executed. The main aim of this research is to investigate the influence of fatigue on the quality of the jump-shot performed under the conditions with and without "passive defense". METHODS The experiment is designed as a pilot study of one top player. The athlete ran continuously with maximum effort a circuit approximately 30 m 22 times and in each circuit he alternately shot over the net and without the net. Shots were executed during the run through an obstacle track with elements of sprint, dribble, feints and throws. The total time of the exercise was 3 minutes and 50 seconds, e.g., one circuit was approximately 10.5 seconds on average. By using video (two synchronized cameras, 50 Hz, the angle of axis 98) all of 22 jump-shots were registered (11 with and 11 without the net) and two attempts before the experiment (with net and without). 3D kinematic analysis of all shots have given a set of kinematic parameters describing the quality of athlete's jumps and shots. The results of kinematic analysis documented changes in the quality of the jump-shot with and without the "passive defense" both in the phase of jump and the shot. With progressing fatigue the differences increased between a jumpshot with and without the net. The use of "passive defense" (net) forced the athlete to a higher quality of shot even in the situation of progressing fatigue.