Exploring the semblance and discrepancies between simplex and complex numerals in Mandarin Chinese

Abstract

This paper investigates the polysemy of the adjective da ‘big’ within numeral classifier phrases, focusing on its dual roles as an attributive modifier before the head noun and as a degree operator preceding the classifier or a multiplicative numeral. By examining the position of da and its semantic implications, the study distinguishes the roles of cardinal numbers.Syntactically, simplex numerals act as heads, selecting numeral bases as complements. Semantically, they encode either degree-based or quantifier-type meanings. Multiplicative numerals (formed as Simplex-Base combinations) further exhibit versatility, serving as quantifying elements or nominal partitioning tools, highlighting the complex interplay between syntax and semantics in numeral classifier constructions.