. A Kinematic Comparison Of The Basketball Set Shot And Jump Shot At Two Different Distances Of Female Division I Intercollegiate Players

Abstract

The free-throw, set shot, and jump shot are all techniques used in shooting a basketball. The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematic and temporal variables between a set shot and jump shot at two distances. Ten female Divison I basketball players (age: 19.5 ±1.1 yrs; hgt: 175.3 + 7.4 cm; mass: 71.1 ± 10.2 kg) served as subjects. Two trials of each skill during each condition were videotaped from the sagittal view with a Panasonic AG-450 camcorder set at 1/500th shutter speed and 30 Hz frame rate. The conditions were set shot at 3m (553), set shot at 6m (556), jump shot at 3m (jS3) and jump shot at 6m OS6). Reflective markers were placed on 9 landmarks of the right side of each performer. After filming, analysis of spatial coordinates was performed using the Ariel Performance Analysis System. Each subject's view was captured, 10 data points (landmarks and ball) digitized, and transformed. .Data were smoothed with a digital filter set at 10 Hz. ANOVA with randomized blocks design was utilized to examine differences in the kinematic and temporal variables. A significant difference was found between the SS3 and SS6 in the wrist range of motion (WRM), total movement time (TMT), relative time of the force (RTF) and follow-through phases (RTFT), and relative time of the upper arm (RTUPA). Subjects spent a greater percentage of time in the preparatory (PR) and follow-through (FT) phases for the SS3 and a greater total time and percentage time in the force phase (F) for the SS6. Significant differences were found between the JS3 and JS6 variables of: angular velocity of shoulder (AVSH) and elbow (AVEL), the angle of release at the elbow (AREL), and RTFT. Subjects spent greater time during the FT and increased the angular velocity and joint angle of the elbow at release for the JS6 shot. Many significant differences were noted between the set shot and jump shot, notably increased time and a simultaneous segmental pattern for the greater distance shot. It appears that performers may alter the temporal and spatial segmental sequence based on distance from the basket, which may be attributable to upper body strength.