EFFICIENCY OF OVERARM THROWING

Abstract

The term "Mechanical Efficiency" Is commonly used In the discussion of Biomechanics. And a lot of studies as for mechanical efficiency have been made on the relationship betreen work performed and corresponding enery cost in such fundamental movements as walking (Margarla 1963, Cavagna and Kaneko 1977), running (Cavagna et al. 1966, DI Prampero 1974) and blcycilng (Garry and Whishart 1934, Whlpp and Wasserman 1969). However, little was reported concerning mechanical efficiency of overarm throwing movement patterns used in Baseball, Team Handball and Basketball, and to discuss the relationship between the mechanical efficiency and three different types of throwing movement patterns from the point of ball size and weight.